2ºBACHILLERATO:
UNIT 1 REVIEW
FUTURE SIMPLE
Affirmative
|
I / he/ she/ it/ you/we / they
|
will / ‘ll
|
learn
|
Negative
|
I / he/ she/ it/ you/we /
they
|
will not / won’t
|
learn
|
Interrogative
|
(Wh-) Will
|
I / he/ she/ it/ you/we /
they
|
learn?
|
Time expressions
|
This evening,
tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, later,
tonight, next week, soon, in a
moment/hour, in the future …
|
Note: The
form shall is used after I and we but is more commonly used in
interrogative sentences to ask for instructions and make offers or
suggestions: Shall I drive tonight?
|
USES
·
To
describe predictions about the future: Climate
change will still be an issue in ten years’ time
·
To
talk about facts in the future: The meeting will
discuss the company’s objectives for the future.
·
To
describe spontaneous decisions made at the time of speaking:
A: There are no seats left on the six o’clock train
B: I’ll take the seven o’clock train then.
·
To
describe promises and offers: I’ll carry those bags
for you
·
To
describe predictions based on personal opinion, usually with verbs such as think, hope, suppose and expect:
I expect he’ll be a lawyer like his father when
he’s older.
Note: The present simple is used to refer to future events that we cannot
control, such as events on a timetable: What time does the plane leave?
|
GOING TO
Affirmative
|
||
I
he/she/it
we/you/they
|
am/’m
is / ‘s
are / ‘re
|
going to learn
|
Negative
|
||
I
he/she/it
we/you/they
|
am not /’m not
is not / isn’t
are not/ aren’t
|
going to learn
|
Interrogative
|
||
am/’m
(Wh- ) + is / ‘s
are / ‘re
|
I
he/she/it
we/you/they
|
going to learn?
|
Time
expressions: This
evening, tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, later, tonight,
next week, soon, in a moment/hour, in the future …
|
||
USES
·
To talk
about predictions based on facts: Watch out! Your
chair is going to break.
·
To talk
about plans or intentions for the future: She’s
going to start a hairdressing business next year.
CONTRAST BETWEEN FUTURE SIMPLE AND GOING TO
We can use the future simple and going to to make predictions. We use
will when it is a general prediction and going to when the prediction is based
on evidence.
I’m
going to travel round Germany (I have bought my plane ticket to Germany)
I’ll
visit Germany one day (general prediction)
I’ll
pass all my exams this year. (General prediction)
I’m going
to pass all my exams this year. (I’ve studied hard all year and I’m
optimistic about
my chances)
CONTRAST BETWEEN GOING TO AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR FUTURE MEANING
Both forms are used to refer to plans for the future. We can often either
form to express the same idea.
I’m
meeting my friends in London this year.
I’m going to meet my
friends in London this year.
We don’t use the present continuous to talk about permanent states.
FUTURE continuous
Affirmative
|
||
I/he/she/it
we/you/they
|
will / ‘ll
|
be learning
|
Negative
|
||
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they
|
will not/ won’t
|
be learning
|
Interrogative
|
||
(Wh- ) + will
|
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they
|
be learning?
|
Time
expressions: at
this time on Tuesday / next week, tomorrow afternoon, at seven o’clock
tomorrow, in an hour’s time
|
||
USES
·
To talk
about actions that will be taking place at a specific time in the future:
He’ll be flying to Heathrow in an hour’s time
·
To make
predictions about a future state or habit at a particular time in the future:
In ten years’ time, I’ll be living in New York and working as a
journalist .
FUTURE PERFECT
Affirmative
|
||
I/he/she/it
we/you/they
|
will / ‘ll
|
have learned
|
Negative
|
||
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they
|
will not/ won’t
|
have learned
|
Interrogative
|
||
(Wh- ) + will
|
I/ he/she/it
we/you/they
|
have learned?
|
Time
expressions: by
seven o’clock tonight/ tomorrow, by then, by next week/month / year, etc
|
||
·
To talk
about actions that will be completed at a specific time in the future:
By tomorrow, all the governments will have signed the climate change
agreement.
EXERCISES
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